One year after Donald Trump’s return to the White House, his administration has introduced a series of policies that have reshaped immigration, energy, federal governance, and foreign relations. The president signed more than 140 executive orders during his first months in office, setting the pace for his policy agenda.
Immigration Policy
Trump declared a national emergency at the U.S.–Mexico border, reinstated the “Remain in Mexico” program for asylum seekers, and suspended refugee admissions. He also issued an order aiming to limit birthright citizenship for children born in the United States to non-citizen parents, a measure currently under judicial review.
Energy and Regulation
The U.S. president declared a national energy emergency, reversing several environmental measures adopted under previous administrations. His government reopened certain areas to oil and gas exploration, lifted restrictions on liquefied natural gas exports, and paused offshore wind lease sales.
International Agreements and Health Institutions
The United States formally withdrew once again from the Paris Climate Agreement, following an executive order issued early in the term. The administration also began the process of
withdrawing from the World Health Organization, citing concerns over management and governance.
Federal Workforce and Administration
Trump reinstated measures altering the structure of the federal workforce. He expanded a program allowing easier reclassification of civil servants and ended most telework arrangements for federal employees. Several diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs in federal agencies were discontinued as part of broader administrative changes.
Foreign Aid and Diplomacy
A 90-day review of U.S. foreign aid was initiated to assess the scope and conditions of development and humanitarian programs, with some categories temporarily suspended during the review period.
Legal and Symbolic Actions
Approximately 1,500 individuals convicted in relation to the January 6 Capitol events received presidential pardons. The administration also issued measures standardizing federal documentation to a binary definition of sex.
Economic Measures
The administration reported reductions in regulatory costs for households, attributing these savings to changes in federal rules.
Fatma Said
Crédit photographie : Dominique A. Pineiro
Sources :
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Sherman, Mark « Supreme Court meets to weigh Trump’s birthright citizenship restrictions », ABC News, 20 janvier 2025, https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/supreme-court-meets-weigh trumps-birthright-citizenship-restrictions-127742462, Consulté le 22 novembre 2025.
The White House, « Declaring a National Energy Emergency », White House, 20 janvier 2025, https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/declaring-a-national-energy emergency/, Consulté le 22 novembre 2025.
Noor, Dharna, « Trump vows to ‘unleash’ oil and gas drilling as he rolls back climate rules », The Guardian, 21 janvier 2025, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/jan/20/trump-executive order-energy-emergency, Consulté le 22 novembre 2025.
Hsu, Andrea, « Trump orders federal workers back to offices », NPR, 20 janvier 2025, https:// www.npr.org/2025/01/20/nx-s1-5268852/trump-telework-executive-order-federal-workers, Consulté le 22 novembre 2025.
Pengelly, Martin, « Trump reclassifies thousands of federal employees, making them easier to fire », The Guardian, 20 janvier 2025, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/jan/20/trump executive-order-schedule-f, Consulté le 22 novembre 2025.
Mérat Victor, « Donald Trump suspend l’aide étrangère américaine pour 90 jours », LeFigaro, 21 janvier 2025, https://www.lefigaro.fr/international/etats-unis-donald-trump-suspend-l-aide etrangere-americaine-pour-90-jours-20250121, Consulté le 22 novembre 2025
The White House , « President Trump’s Actions Will Save Nearly$11,000 Per Family of Four Over the Coming Years », White House, 4 avril 2025, https://www.whitehouse.gov/articles/2025/04/ president-trumps-actions-will-save-nearly-11000-per-family-of-four-over-the-coming-years/ Consulté le 22 novembre 2025.